Understanding Hypothyroidism in Dogs

Hypothyroidism is a common endocrine disorder in dogs that occurs when the thyroid gland fails to produce enough thyroid hormones. These hormones play a vital role in regulating metabolism, energy levels, and overall health. When thyroid function slows down, it can lead to a range of symptoms that affect a dog’s skin, coat, weight, and behaviour.

Potential signs of hypothyroidism in dogs involve changes in their coat, increased weight, and behavioural changes.

Causes and Risk Factors of Hypothyroidism in dogs

Hypothyroidism is most often caused by an autoimmune condition in which the body attacks the thyroid gland, leading to reduced hormone production. Less commonly, it can result from thyroid gland atrophy or, in rare cases, cancer. Middle-aged dogs, particularly medium to large breeds such as Golden Retrievers, Doberman Pinschers, and Labrador Retrievers, are more commonly affected.

Symptoms of Hypothyroidism

The symptoms of hypothyroidism can be subtle at first but typically progress over time. Common signs include:

• Unexplained weight gain despite normal diet and exercise

• Lethargy and reduced activity levels

• Dry, dull, or thinning coat

• Hair loss, particularly on the tail and hindquarters

• Thickened, flaky, or greasy skin

• Increased sensitivity to cold temperatures

• Recurring skin infections or ear infections

• Mental dullness or depression

Diagnosing Hypothyroidism

If hypothyroidism is suspected, a veterinarian will conduct a thorough physical examination and run blood tests to measure thyroid hormone levels. A complete thyroid panel, which includes testing for T4 and free T4 levels, is often necessary to confirm the diagnosis.

Treatment and Management

Fortunately, hypothyroidism in dogs is a manageable condition. Treatment typically involves daily thyroid hormone replacement therapy in the form of an oral medication called levothyroxine. Most dogs respond well to treatment, with noticeable improvements in energy levels, coat quality, and overall well-being within a few weeks.

Regular veterinary check-ups and blood tests are important to ensure the correct dosage and monitor thyroid hormone levels. Since hypothyroidism is a lifelong condition, consistent treatment is essential for maintaining a dog’s health.

When to See a Veterinarian

If your dog is experiencing any of the symptoms mentioned above, it’s important to consult with a veterinarian for an accurate diagnosis. Early detection and treatment can help prevent complications and improve your dog’s quality of life.

Hypothyroidism may be a common condition, but with proper management, affected dogs can live happy and healthy lives. If you have concerns about your dog’s thyroid health, contact Bridge City Vet Rehab today to schedule an evaluation and discuss the best treatment options for your pet.

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